數論諸諦之月光──金七十二
Δ
Sankhya-tattva-kaumudi
數論金七十二月光頌
tattva-kaumudi→→the Moonlight of Truth
₡
〇
X、XX、XXX、LX、L、LX、LXX
LXXII→→金七十二
KARIKA I.
1
Benediction 祈請
2
Introduction to Karika I 頌一介紹
3
Necessity of Scientific Enquiry 合法契入之必要
4
Threefold Division of Pain 三苦交疊
5
Objection - Inquiry Superfluous 非必要的苦因
6
Reply 答覆
7
Auspiciousness of the beginning word 吉祥止止
KARIKA II.
8
Objection - Adequacy of Vedic means 吠陀破礙真諦
9
Similarity of the Vedic with the Obvious means 似吠陀顯理之法
10
Impurity, Decay and Excessiveness of the Vedic means 不潔 衰敗 過分之吠陀意
11
The Impurity of animal slaughter in Sacrifice 殺牲獻祭之不潔
12
Nonpermanence and Excess of the results of Vedic rites答吠陀儀式之非持恆與超越
13
Immortality from Vedic rites means long-durability吠陀儀式之恆持與不朽
14
Discriminative wisdom the only means 智慧辯一之意
15
Literal Interpretation of the Karika 頌逐字逐句闡明
16
Source of discriminative Knowledge 辯析本質差異的知識
↓↓↓
KARIKA III.
17
Fourfold Division of Categories 9
18
The Productive (1) 9
19
The Productive-product (2) 9
20
The Products (3) f 10
21
The non-product non-productive (4) 10
KARIKA
IV.
22
The three kinds of Proof 10
23
Proof defined H
24
The three- foldness of proof ... 11
25
Only three kinds of proof H
26
The inclusion of all other proofs in the above-mentioned ... 12
27
Necessity of enquiry into the different kinds of proof 12
28
The order of Explanation 12
KARIKA
V.
29
Specific definitions of the proofs 12
UO
" Perception," defined ... ... ... 13
VI
PAGE.
31
Insentience of Buddhi 13
32
Differentiation of w Perception " from the other forms of proof ... 14
33
" Inference " as a distinct form of proof ... : 14
34
Inference defined 15
35
The three kinds of Inference 15
36
The first Division of Inference 16
37
The Negative a posteriori Inference ... ... 16
38
The Affirmative a priori Inference ... ... 16
39
" Valid Testimony " based on Inference 17
40
Self -evidence of Sruti 18
41
Srutis and Puranas included in Valid Testimony ... 18
42
Pretended Revelations 18
43
Differentiation of Valid Testimony from Inference 18
44
Other kinds of proof set aside or included in above ... ... 19
45
Analogy, included in Valid Testimony 19
46
"Apparent Inconsistency " included in Inference ... ... ... 20
47
" Negation " included in " Perception " 21
48
" Probability " in Inference 22
49
Eumour discarded 22
KARIKA
VI.
50
Introduction 22
51
Knowledge of Nature &c., through Inference 23
52
Knowledge of others by Revelation ... ... ... 23
KARIKA
VII.
53
Objection Nature &c., being not amenable to the senses, are
non-existing
... ... ... ... ... 23
54,55
Different causes of non-perception of objects by the Senses 24 25
56
Non-perception of an object, no proof of non-existence 25
KARIKA
VIII.
(
57
Objection-existence of Nature can be denied like that of sky-
flowers-started,
and set aside : there are effects bearing testimony
to
the existence of Nature ... 26
68
Such effects mentioned , , 26
KIRIKA
IX.
59
Different views with regard to the nature of an effect 26
60
Impossibility of the existence of Nature being proved in accord
ance
with the Vedanta and Bauddha tenets 27
61
Effect declared to be a permanent Entity ... ... 28
62
Bauddha view refuted 28
63
Vedanta view refuted , 28
VII
PAGE?
64
j Yoga and Vaiseshika views criticised and the Sankhya view
established
; the first argument in favour there of 29
65
The second argument in favour of the effect being an entity ... 29
66
The third argument 30
67
The fourth argument ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 30
68
The fifth argument 31
69
Proofs of the non -difference of cause and effect ... ... ... 31
70
The effect only a particular development of the cause 32r
71
J Difference of purpose and action no ground of difference 33
72
Objection based on the nature of the manifestation of the effect... 33
73
Objection set aside as being common to both theories ... ... 34
74
Production of the cloth not identical with the cloth 34
75
Necessity of causal operation ... ... ... ... ... ... 34
76
Conclusion of the Karika 35
KARIKA
X.
77
Introduction to the consideration of the Manifested ... ... 35
78
The Manifested-as having a cause 35
79
being non-eternal ... ... ... ... ... 35
80
non-pervading... ... ... 35
81
active 35
82
multi-form 36
83
dependent 36
84
predicative ... ... ... 36
85
conjunct 36
86
,. subordinate ... ... ... 36
87
The contrary nature of the Unmanifested 37
KAKIKA
XI.
88
Introduction to Karika XI 3T
89
Similarities between the Manifested and the Unmanifested
(i)
having the three constituent attributes ... ... ... 37
90
(ii) being indiscriminative ... ... ... ... ... ... 37
91
Objection based on the Bauddha idealism 38
92
(iii) Insentient 38
93
(iv) Productive 38
94
Similarity with Nature stated ... ... ... .., 38
95
Dissimilarity of these from Spirit 38
96
Objection based on similarity of the Spirit with the Manifested ... 39
KARIKA
XH.
97
Introduction to the consideration of the Attributes 39
98
Construction of the Karika 40
99
Character of the Attributes as love, aversion and stupefaction ... 40
100
The functions of the Attributes 40
101
The methctf of operation of the attributes 42
Vlll
PAGE.
KARIKA
XIII.
102
Introduction to Karika XIII 42
103
Properties of " Goodness " 42
104
Necessity of the properties of " Foulness " ... ... 43
105
Necessity of the properties of " Darkness " 43
106
Objection based on the impossibility of the co-operation of Attri
butes
of contradictory properties 43
107
Necessity of postulating the three Attributes ... 44
KARIKA
XIV.
108
Question of the Indiscreetness and other properties of the Attri
butes
45
109
Proof of the existence of such properties ... ... 45
110
Question of the Existence of Nature 46
KARIKA
XV.
,111
Why not accept the atomic theory 1 ... 47
112
Proofs of Nature s Existence (1) initial Separation and final re
union
of cause and effect 48
113
(2) Because Evolution is due to Energy ... 49
114
Objection : These two reasons might rest with Buddhi. Eeply :
(3)
from Finiteness 50
115
(4) Because of homogenity 50
KARIKA
XVI.
116
Operation through the Attributes ... ... 51
117
By a blending of the Attributes ,.. 51
118
Objection : How can an attribute of uniform nature produce
diverse
effects ? Keply ... ... ... 51
KARIKA
XVII.
119
Introduction to the Proofs of Spirit s Existence f ... 52
120
Proofs (1) Because all composite objects are for other s purpose. 52
121
Objection : and reply 63
122
(2) Because there must be supervision 54
123
(3) Because there must be one to feel 55
124 A different
interpretation of proof (3) 55
125
(4) Because of the tendency of writers and sages towards Beatitude 55
KARIKA
XVIII.
126
Question of the number of the Spirit raised 56
127
(1) From allotment of brith, death and the organs 57
128
(2) Since Activity is not Simultaneous 57
129
(3) Because the modifications of the Attributes are differert ... 58
IX
PAGE*
KARIKA
XIX.
130
introduction to the consideration of Spirit s Properties 68
131
Explanation of the force of " this " in the Karika 58
132
Necessity of so many Properties ... 58
133
Absence of the attributes leads to Emancipation 59
134
Neutrality 59
KARIKA
XX.
135
Objection Intelligence and Activity always coexistent 59
136
The feeling referred to by the objection must be a mistake ... 60
KARIRA
XXI.
137
Objection what is the need of union ? 60
138
Force of the Genetive in " Pradhanasya " Explained 60
139
The need of union explained 61
140
The creation of Buddhi &c., 61
KARIKA
XXII.
141
The Process of Creation. ... 61
142
Process of the production of the Elements 62
KARIKA
XXIII.
143
Introduction to the "definition of Buddhi 62
144
Definition of Buddhi explained ... ... 63
145
Properties of Buddhi Virtue &c 63
146
Four kinds of Dispassion 63
147
Eight kinds of Power 64
148
Reverse of the above qualities 64
KARIKA
XXIV.
149
Definition of Self-consciousness 65
150
Direct effects of Self -consciousness 65
KARIKA
XXV.
IB
f Production of Senses 65
152
Objection : Purposelessness of Passions ; and Reply thereto ... 66
KARIKA
XXVI.
153
Sense defined 66
B
PAOE,
KARIKA
XXVH.
154
Double nature of mind ... ., ... * 67
155
Mind defined ... 67
156
Objection : Why make mind a sense? and Reply thereto ... 68
157
Whence the multifarious effects from Egoism ? 68
158
Destiny also a modification of the Attributes ., 68
KAEIKA
XXVHI.
159
Functions of the ten sense organs 69
KARIKA
XXIX.
160
Reflection of Manas, Self-consciousness of Ahankara and
Determination
of Buddhi 70
161
The five vital Airs common to all 70
KARIKA
XXX.
162
Function of the organs (1) Instantaneous 71
163
(2) Gradual 71
164
With regard to visible objects function of the internal or
gans
independent of the external ones 71
KARIKA
XXXI.
165
Objection : Functions permanent or otherwise ? 71
166
No collision of the functions of the organs... 72
167
Objection : How can insentient organs comprehend each others
motives
1 Reply thereto 72
KARIKA
XXXII,
168
Division of the organs introduced 73
169
The thirteen organs and their functions 73
170
Objects of these functions 73
KARIKA
XXXIII.
..,.,,.,
c
171
Sub-divisions of the organs introduced ... 74
172
The three external organs 74
173
The ten external organs 74
174
External organs operating at the present time, and the internal <
at
all Times 74
175
Time not a distinct principle 75
KARIKA
XXXIV.
176
Objects of external organs introduced 75
177
Specific and gross objects of the functions of intellectual organs
explained
75
178
Do. do. organs of action < 75
XI
PAGK.
KARIKA
XXXV.
179
,The importance of the internal organs 76
KARIKA
XXXVI.
180
Predominance of Buddhi 77
181
The external organs as affections of Attributes 77
KARIKA
XXXVII.
182
Further grounds for the Superiority of Buddhi 78
183
Objection: absence of Mukti Reply thereto 78,79
KARIKA
XXXVIII.
184
The Subtile character of the Tanmatras . 79
185
The gross Elements produced out of the Tanmatras 79
186
These are Specific because soothing terrific and deluding ... 79
KARIKA
XXIX.
187
Three sorts of Specific Objects 80
188
Subtile bodies are permanent ... ... 80
KARIKA
XL.
189
Astral body unconfined and permanent 81
190
Objection : Two bodies unnecessary, and reply ... 82
191
Question : How does the Astral Body migrate ? Reply 82
192
Astral Body Dissolving at each Pralaya 82
KARIKA
XLI.
193
Existence of the Astral Body proved 83
KARIKA
XLII.
194
Reason and manner of the migration of the Astral Body ... 84
195
Power of the Astral Body due to Nature 84
KARIKA
XLIII.
196
Incidental and Essential Dispositions 85
11V*-
Flesh, blood &c., related to the gross body 85
KARIKA
XLIV.
%
,
198
Consequences of the various means introduced 85
199
Virtue leads to higher planes and vice, to lower 85
200
From the reverse, the reverse the threefold bondage 86
9
Xll
PAGE.
K
A RIKA XLV
201
Absorption into Prakriti from Dispassion "87
202
Transmigration from Passionate attachment ... ... ... 87
203
Non-impediment from Power 87
KARIKA
XL VI.
204
Error, Disability, Contentment and Perfection 88
205
Fifty Sub-divisions of 88
KARIKA
LXVH.
206
The Fifty forms of Error 89
KARIKA
XLVIII.
207
The Sub-divisions of Error &c introduced ... 89
208
Eight forms of Ignorance 89
209
Eight forms of Egoism 90
210
Ten forms of Attachment 90
211
Eighteen forms of Jealously 90
212
Eighteen forms of Abhinivesa 90
213
The total coming to sixty-two 91
KARIKA
XLIX.
214
The twenty-eight forms of Disability 91
215
Eleven forms of disability, those of the sense organs 91
216
The seventeen forms of disability of Buddhi 91
KARIKA
L.
217
Nine forms of Contentment 92
218
Four forms of internal Contentment 92
219
(l)Ambha 92
220
(2)Salila 92
221
(3)Ogha... . f ... 93
222
(4) Vrishti 93
223
Five forms of external Contentment 93
224
(1) Para 93
225
(2) Supara ... ,94
226
(3) Parapara ... ... 94
227
(4) Anuttamambha 94
228
(5) Uttamambha &*
KARIKA
LI.
229
Forms of Power introduced 94
230
The eight forms of Power 95
231
(l)Tara Study... 95
Xlll
PAGE.
252
(2) Sntara Word 95
233
(3) Taratara Reasoning 95
234
"(4) Ramyaka Acquisition of Friends ... 95
235
(5) Sadamudita Purity 95
236
The three consequent on the suppression of three kinds of pain 96
237
The first five forms otherwise explained 96
238
Error &c. are hooks to the Powers 96
KARIKA
LII.
239
Necessity of the Linga (InteHectual creation) 97
240
Proofs of the above 97
241
Objection of reciprocality let aside 98
KARIKA
LIII.
242
Forms of the intellectual creation introduced 98
243
The eight Divine sorts 98
244
Five of the Lower Animals 98
245
Mankind single 98
KARIKA
LIV.
246
Threefoldness of the intellectual creation introduced 99
247
Six Heavenly Regions 99
KARIKA
LV.
248
Creation productive of pain ... ... ... ... 99
249
Imposition of pleasure and pain on Spirit 100
250
Do. due to Spirit s non-discrimination 100
KARIKA
LVI.
251
Question of the Maker of the Universe introduced 100
252
Creation due to Nature 101
253
Creation for another s (Spirit s) sake ... 101
i
KARIKA
LVII.
254
Objection incapacity of insentient Nature of creation ... ... 101
255
.Reply instance oi the flow of milk 102
255#
View of a personal God overthrown 1^2
256
Freedom of the Sankhya theory from faults 103
*">
KARIKA
LVIII.
257
" How for Spirit s purpose "2 Explained 103
KARIKA
LIX.
258
<{ Whence the cessation of the operations of Nature "? Explained.
103
XIV
PAGE.
KARIKA
LX.
259
" Nature acts for no compensation"... .,. ... rr)4
KARIKA
LXI.
260
No reappearance of Nature with regard to an emancipated Spirit 104
KARIKA
LXII.
e
261
Objection: emancipation and bondage not possible to unmodi-
fying
Spirit ... 105
262
Reply: "No Spirit is bound, nor migrates &c." ... 105
KARIKA
LXIII.
263
" Nature binds herself by seven forms &c." 106
KARIKA
LXIV.
264
"Truth" explained ,. ... 107
265
The purity of wisdom explained 107
266
Objection based on the eternal tendency to false knowledge ... 107
267
The form of discriminative knowledge 107
268
"Completion "of the knowledge 108
KARIKA
LXV.
269
Cause of the cessation of Nature s operation 108
KARIKA
LXVI.
270
Objection " though one set of objects has been enjoyed, others
remain
to be enjoyed" ... 109
271
Reply: "The Spirit having attained to wisdom, there is no motive
to
further action " 110
KARIKA
LXVII.
272
Objection: The body dissolving on the attainment of wisdom, how
could
the bodiless Spirit behold Nature ? 110
273
Body continues in obedience to the momentum imparted by previ- "
ous
Karma Ill
KARIKA
LXVIH.
274
Final release of the Spirit 112
KARIKA
LXIX.
275
The precedence of Kapila ... 112
XV
PAGE.
KARIKA
LXX.
276
Importance of the Sankhya doctrine 113
KARIKA
LXXI.
277
"Arya" explained 113
KARIKA
LXXII.
278
The Treatise is a whole, not a part ... 113
ERRATA.
P.
26 Line 3 for " unction " (in rhetoric) read "taste"
J5
55 1 !J >J >J W >J
P.
56 to the left of line IS read " (126),"
